Grand Jury: A Legal Body with Investigative Powers
Understanding Grand Juries
A grand jury is a legal entity consisting of citizens who hold the authority to investigate criminal matters and ascertain whether sufficient evidence exists to proceed with criminal charges.
Functions of a Grand Jury
Grand juries serve specific functions:
- Investigate potential criminal offenses.
- Review evidence presented by prosecutors.
- Determine whether there is probable cause to believe a crime has been committed.
- Issue indictments if probable cause is established.
Composition and Selection
Grand juries typically consist of 12 to 23 laypeople. They are selected randomly from a pool of qualified citizens and serve for a specific term.
Process and Procedures
Grand jury proceedings are conducted in secrecy. Witnesses are called to testify, and evidence is presented. Grand juries deliberate and vote on whether to issue an indictment. If an indictment is issued, it serves as a formal accusation against the defendant, leading to a criminal trial.
Significance and Limitations
Grand juries play a vital role in the criminal justice system by ensuring that only valid cases proceed to trial. However, they also face criticism for potential bias and lack of accountability.
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